1. support vt.
（1）支撑（to bear the weight of, esp. preventing from falling）例如：
You support the bottom of the box while I lift the top.
我把箱子抬起时你把箱底托住。
（2）供养，养[to provide money for (a person) to live on]例如：
Mr. Smith had to support a big family.
史密斯先生不得不养一大家子人。
（3）支持，资助（to help with sympathy or practical advice, money, food, etc.）例如：
We should try to support him in his trouble.
我们应该在他患难时尽量支持他。
（4）拥护，支持（to approve of and encourage）例如：
The majority supported the new political party.
大多数人拥护新成立的政党。
The government has taken some measures to support birth control.
政府采取了一些措施来支持节育。
The results support my original idea.
（调查的）结果有利我原先的主张。
（5）捧场；热心（be loyal to, esp. by attending matches or performances）例如：
They support the local theater.
他们为当地戏剧捧场。
（6）忍受（to bear）（常与can或cannot连用）例如：
I can’t support this heat.
我受不了这么热。
（7）支撑；支托（the act of supporting）[U] 例如：
The suggestions obtained much support.
这些建议得到很多支持。
the supports of the bridge 桥墩
（8）捧场者[U] 例如：
The theatre gets a lot of support.
这家戏院捧场者很多。
The government spent much money on weapons in support of their army.
政府投资了大量的金钱在武器上以支持他们的军队。（in support of）
2．achieve vt.
（1）完成；实现（to finish successfully），常与something, anything, nothing用。例如：
He will never achieve anything if he doesn’t work harder.
要是他不努力一点，他永远不会有所成就。
（2）获得( to get as the result of action; gain sth. nonmaterial)达到；得到（精神上收获）例如：
He hopes to achieve all his aims by the end of the year.
他希望在年底达到所有的目标。
派生词：achievement ① n.[U]完成；实现；② n.[C]成绩；成就；成功
提醒：“达到目标”多用achieve the / one’s aims.
3．daily adj. & adv. 每日的，日常的；每日，日常地，天天(happening, appearing, etc once a day or every day)
a daily journey 每天的旅程(adj.)
a daily newspaper called“The Daily News”名为“每日新闻”的日报(adj.)
He gets paid daily. 他每天领薪水。(adv. 相当于every day)
He gets a daily wage. 他拿日薪。(adj. 相当于 everyday)
比较：everyday / every day/ daily.
①everyday adj. 每天的，每日的（只能作形容词，常作定语）如：
everyday English 日常英语
everyday life 日常生活
②every day adv. 每天地（副词短语）例如：
I go to work every day. 我每天上班。
③daily：adj. & adv. 可作形容词也可作副词，可相当于：everyday 及every day.
4．likely adj. 有可能的（probable）；有希望的
An accident is likely to happen.
可能会出事故。（sth. be likely to do）
Your story is a likely one.
你的故事是可信的。（作定语用来修饰名词）
It seems likely that he will pass the exam.
看起来他有可能通过考试。（It seems /is likely that-从句 有可能……）
He is likely to do it very well.
他有可能干得很好。（sb. be likely to do sth）
(相当于：It is likely that he will do it very well.)
likely的主要用法：
①It is likely that-从句 有可能……（用于主语从句结构）
②sth /sb be likely to do sth某人/某事 有可能……
③肯定句里不可与for sb to do sth连用，下面为错误例句。
It’s likely for him to come.（错误）
应为：It’s likely that he will come.（正确）
或He’s likely to come.（正确）
但可用在否定句或疑问句中，如：
It’s not likely for him to come.（正确）
Is it likely for him to come?（正确）
④that从句放在句首作主语时，后面常用否定句。例如：
That he will come is not likely.他来是不可能的。
⑤可用两种方法构成比较等级，如：
What is his most likely stopping place?（most likely）
他最可能停留的地方在哪里？
What is the likeliest time to find him at home?（likeliest）
什么时候最可能在他家里找到他？
⑥作副词通常与very, most, more连用。例如：
They will very likely come by car.
=They will most likely come by car.
他们最可能坐汽车来。
比较：
possible adj.（可能的）——possibly adv. （可能地）
opp. impossible adj. （不可能的）——impossibly adv. （不可能地）
probable adj.（可能的）——probably adv. （可能地）
likely adj.（可能的）——likely adv. （可能地）
提醒：possible与probable一般不可用人作其主语。均为形容词，而likely可用人也可用物作其主语，可作形容词和副词。
5．grasp
（1）用作及物动词
①抓牢；抓住（to take / keep a firm hold of, esp. with the hands）例如：
Please grasp the rope. 请抓住绳子。
Grasp your chances while you can. 有机会就要能及时抓住。
②掌握；领会(to succeed in understanding)
I grasped the main points of the speech.
我了解了演说的要点。
（2）用作名词，意为“控制，紧握；理解”。
The state power must be placed in the firm grasp of the people.
国家权力必须牢牢掌握在人民手中。（控制，紧握，n.）
Success is within our grasp now.现在成功已经在望。
The work is beyond my grasp.这件工作我不能理解。（grasp相当于understanding）
总结：作名词使用时，常与in, within和beyond连用，构成
在……控制/掌握之中／之外
短语：grasp at 向……抓住，想抓住；攫取
例如：He grasped at anything that might help him.
他抓住任何对他有帮助的东西。
常用谚语：Grasp all, lose all.[谚]样样都要，全数失掉。（意指：贪多必失）
辨析：master/grasp/seize
（1）grasp 指“紧抓”，多指用手指、爪子紧抓，抓牢。（to keep a firm hold of especially with the hands）
（2）seize指“突然用力握紧，抓紧”常含有“夺过去”之意，因而可引申为“抓住机遇；夺取”等意思。
（3）master作“掌握”解时，则侧重于“精通”。（to gain control over or learn thoroughly, to become expert in）。grasp 与master都可作“掌握”解，但含义有区别。grasp作“掌握”时，侧重于“领会、理解（understand with the mind）”。
例如：
The hawk grasped the chick.
老鹰抓住了小鸡。
She seized the child and pulled it away from the road.
她抓住小孩，把他从路上推到一边。
I seized the opportunity and introduced myself.
我抓住机会介绍我自己。
The enemy seized the city.
敌军占领了这座城市。
I grasp the main points of the speech.
我领会了这篇讲话的要点。
He has mastered maths.
他精通数学。
6．master n. 硕士；（男）主人；能手；vt. 控制；掌握
The Chinese people have become masters of their country.
中国人民已经成了自己国家的主人。（主人）
Tom has become a master in pig-breeding.
汤姆成了一位养猪能手。（能手）
I’ll try to make oneself master of English.
我将尽量使自己精通英语。（make oneself master of… 使自己精通……）
Mr. Smith is a Master of Science.
史密斯先生是一位理科硕士。（硕士）
Man can master mature.人能征服自然。（控制，制服，vt,）
You should master your temper then.你当时应该控制着不发脾气。（控制，vt.）
Tom masters the English language.汤姆精通英语。（精通vt.）
短语：master and man 老板和工人；主仆（多指男主人）
the master of the house 家长
常用谚语：Like master, Like man. 或Such master, such servant. 有其主必有其仆。
7．set foot in /on 踏上/进入
Don’t ever set foot in this house again.
永远别再进这个家。（set foot in＋place）
After a parting of 8 years, he again set foot on the soil of his beloved motherland.
阔别八年之后，他又踏上他深爱着的祖国的土地。（set foot on）
No man has ever set foot on that lonely island.
从未有人踏上过那个孤岛。（set foot on）
8．come to life 活跃起来；振作起来；苏醒过来，表现生动
He was down at the mouth all evening, but as soon as his girlfriend came in, he came to life.
他一晚上都垂头丧气，但他的女朋友一来，他就活跃起来了。
After first aid, the patient came (back) to life.
经过急救，病人苏醒过来。
拓展：
come to oneself /come to one’s senses 恢复知觉；苏醒过来，恢复理智，恢复正常（to regain self-control）
1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store in China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northeast Beijing.
无论中国将来会有什么样的伟大成就，其中许多很有可能就诞生在北京的西北部。
（1）该句是由whatever引导的让步状语从句，相当于no matter what, whatever 是连接代词，同时在从句中作achievements的定语。例如：
Whatever problems you have, you can always come to us for help.
无论你有什么样的问题，你都可以来找我们帮忙。
此句中的whatever 引导的从句也可放在主句后面，如：
You can always come to us for help, whatever problems you have.
拓展：
whatever 除了引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，还可引导名词性从句，相当于anything that. 例如：
I will give you whatever you want.
我将给你想要的一切。（宾语从句，whatever you want 相当于 anything that you want.）
试比较下面2个句子：无论你说什么，我都会同意的。
①I will agree with you, whatever you say. （让步状语从句，相当于no matter what）
②I will agree with whatever you say. （宾语从句，相当于what 或anything that）
注意：
①在名词性从句中，whatever不可作no matter what.
②在让步状语从句中，whatever也不可作anything that.
（2）in store表示“等候着，就要发生”。例如：
Who knows what the future has in store for us？
谁知道将来会遇到什么情况？（have sth in store for sb）
There is a shock in store for him.
将有一种使他震惊的事发生。（There be sth in store for sb）
I hope that a bright future is in store for you.
我希望你前途光明。（sth be in store for sb）
Defeat is in store for aggressors.
侵略者必将遭到失败。（sth be in store for sb）
拓展：
in store 还有“储存”之意。例如：
We must keep some of these in store for next year.
这些东西我们得储存一些供明年使用。（keep sth in store for…）
The squirrel has plenty of nuts in store for the winter.
松鼠储备了许多坚果过冬。（have sth in store for…）
2．The center itself got started in the early 1980s, when Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Science, opened a private research and development institute.
这个中心早在80年代初期就开始创建，其时，陈春先——一位中科院的研究员开办了一所私人研究发展机构。
（1）“get＋过去分词”可以构成系表结构，强调动作对主语产生的结果。例如：
get hurt 受伤 get lost 迷路
get stuck 卡住 get dismissed 解雇
get married 结婚 get paid 付给工资
get caught 撞上 get changed 换衣
get painted 油漆 get drunk 喝醉
get broken 破了 get burned 烫伤
get started 发动；创建 get dressed 穿衣
（2）句中的when是关系副词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰the early 1980s.
例如：It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, when for the first time in years their team won the world cup.
对于这些足球迷们来说，这是他们今年一个激动人心的时刻，他们队多年来第一次赢得世界杯。
3．They all have their own characteristics, but they all share the spirit of creativity and scientific skill that have made Zhongguancun a success.
他们都有各自不同的特色，但却都具备开拓和科技的理念，从而使中关村走向成功。
（1）本句是个复合句，They all…, but they all…, 也可写为：
Although/ Though they all…, they all…，但although/though与but不可能同时使用。
（2）本句中还含有一个以the spirit为先行词的定语从句that have made Zhongguancun a success. that在句中作主语不可省略，也可用which替换。make在本句中后面引导了复合宾语，即make＋宾语（Zhongguancun）＋宾补（a success）. 例如：
Many years’ teaching experience made him an excellent teacher.
多年的教学经验使他成为了一位出色的老师。
Mao Zedong made Jinggangshan the base of revolution.
毛泽东使井冈山成为了革命根据地。
（3）a success指“一个具大的成功”。success在此句中作可数名词，用来特指具体的成功的事情（即中关村）。英语中，有些单词一般用来指抽象的概念时，作不可数名词，但如果特指某一个具体的人或事时，则可作可数名词来使用。如：
As a writer, Lu Xun is a success.
作为作家，鲁迅是成功的。（[C]，具体指鲁迅）
This sports meeting is a success.
这次运动会办得很成功。（[C]，具体指运动会）
Success comes from hard work.
成功在于勤奋。（[U]，抽象概念）
This experiment was a failure.
这次实验失败了。（[C]，具体指实验）
Failure is the mother of success.
失败是成功之母。（[U]，抽象概念）
4．In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for“rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”.
在1995年，中国政府提出一个计划“科教兴国”。
（1）put forward 在本句中作“提出”讲，后面常接意见、建议等。例如：
The proposal that he put forward is reasonable.
他提出的这个建议是合情合理的。
此外，此词组还有其它一些用法：
①推荐（某人或自己）任某职位；提名
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?
我能否提名你为委员会主席？
②将（某事）提前
Is it possible for them to put the meeting forward?
他们可能将会议提前吗？
③将（钟、表等）拨快
You can put the clock forward.
你可以将钟拨快。
④使（某事）有所进展；进行
The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month.
温暖的天气将作物的生长期提前了一个月。
⑤使（某人）受注意（to make sb noticed; bring sb to the attention of others.）
You should put yourself forward more if you want to improve your chances in the firm.
你如果要增加你在公司里的机会，就应多引起别人的注意。
（2）rely on在此句中作“依靠”讲，相当于depend on或exist in或lie in,也作rely upon.
You can’t rely on the weather. 这天气可说不定。（depend on）
I think I can come, but don’t rely on it. 我想我能来，但还说不定。
Don’t rely on going on India. (=perhaps you won’t go)
不要对你到印度去抱太大期望。(rely on ＋动名词)
You may rely on me to help you.
你可以信赖我（帮助你）(rely on sb 相当于trust)
5．In 2000，Chinese scientists announced that they had completed mapping out their part of the international human genetic project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.
2000年，中国科学家宣布他们已经完成了国际项目基因组中自己的任务，证明了中国科学家是世界一流的。
（1）complete 指“完成，完整”，后可接名词、动名词作宾语。例如：
I need one volume to complete my set of Dickens.
我只差一本就有全套的狄更斯作品了。（compete sth）
Mr. Smith completed designing the bridge last week.
史密斯先生上个星期完成了大桥的设计。（complete doing sth）
（2）map out 指“筹划，规划，制订”。例如：
We spent weeks mapping out our holiday.
我们花了几周时间筹划如何渡假。
He has mapped out what he will do.
他已经筹划他将做什么。
We have mapped out a plan of campaign.
我们已经制订出运动的计划。
（3）best 在句中作“最好的部分”，是名词。如：
The items now rank among the best in the country.
这个项目目前在全国处于一流的位置。
That poet is one of the best in his field.
那位诗人在他所处的领域中属于一流。
