1．indicate v.
（1）暗示（to make a sign for…）
He indicated that I could leave.
他暗示我可以离开。
His answer indicated that I could leave.
他的回答表示我可以离开。
（2）表明（to make clear）
I indicated that his help was not welcome.
我明白表示不欢迎他的帮助。
（3）指出（to point out）
I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop
opposite.
我问他我妹妹在哪里，他指着对面的商店。
派生词：indication n. 指示，暗示；预兆
2．ensure vt.
（1）使（某事）必发生（to make sth. certain to happen）
He wrote one poem which ensured his undying fame.
他写的一首诗使他永享盛名。
（2）担保获得（效用）；担保避免（发生坏事）（to make sb. certain to get sth. good; avoid
sth. bad）
This medicine will ensure you a good night’s sleep.
=(This medicine will make certain that you get a good night’s
sleep.)
此药将可保证你睡个好觉。
They will ensure you against danger.
他们将确保你的安全。
3．remain vi.
（1）停留，留下，留居（to stay or be left behind after others have gone）
Of the seven brothers only 4 now remain the rest are dead.
七个兄弟中只剩下四个，其他的都死了。
When the others had gone, Mary remained and put back the furniture.
其他人走了以后，玛莉留下来，并将家具放回原处。
Much work remains to be done.
还有很多工作要做。（sth. remain to be done）
It only remains for me to say that I’ll try my best.
剩下我能说的是我会尽力。
（It only remains for sb to do… 剩下某人能做的是……）
（2）继续，依然（to continue to be in an unchanged state）常作用系动词，后可接名词或形容词。
Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.
彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。（remain＋n.）
We should remain modest. 我们应该保持谦虚。（remain＋adj.）
His fine working-class qualities remain unchanged.
他的优秀工人阶级品质保持不变。（remain＋adj.）
You can’t let the room remain like this!
你不能让房间再保持这样！（remain＋prep. ph）
相关用法：
it remains to be seen… （we shall know later on…）情况仍未明，要看怎样发展。
4．deal vt. & vi. (dealt, dealt)
（1）分配（to give as one’s share），常与out连用。
I tried to deal justice to all men.
我力求公平对所有的人。
I dealt out 3 pieces to each guest.
我给了每位客人三块。
（2）deal with
①与……交易
I’ve dealt with this store /person for 20 years.
我与这家商店/这个人交易二十年了。
②对待，对付，应付（to treat; take action about sb. /sth.）
Children are tiring to deal with.
对付小孩很累人。
How do you deal with a drunken husband?
你如何对付喝醉酒的丈夫？（deal with sb.）
There are too many difficulties for us to deal
with.
困难太多，我们处理不来。（deal with sth.）
③涉及，与……有关
Tom’s new book deals with the troubles in Ireland.
汤姆写的新书是关于爱尔兰的各种争端的。（relates to /refers to）
5．reform v.＆ n.
（1）v.（使）改进；改革；改过
reform a sinner / one’s character/ the world 改造一个罪人（一个人的品格，世界）
reform oneself 改过自新
Tom has completely reformed / is a completely reformed character
now –he’s stopped taking drugs.
汤姆完全改过自新了，他现在已经不吸毒了。
（2）n.[U] 改革；改造；改进；改善；革出恶习，缺点等
social/political reform 社会或政治的革新
the reform bill of 1832 1832年改革法案
[C] 改革之实例；为革除缺点所作的改变
a reform in teaching methods 教学法之改进
派生词：reformer n. 从事改革运动者；改革家
6．cheat vt. & vi.
（1）骗取；欺诈（to take from sb. unfairly or dishonestly）
He cheated the old woman (out of her money) by making her sign
a paper she didn’t understand.
他要老妇人签了一份她看不懂的文件，骗了她的钱。（cheat sb. of sth.）
（2）欺骗（以占便宜）（to act dishonestly to win an advantage esp. in a game）
I always cheat at cards, it’s the only way I can win.
玩纸牌的时候我经常作弊，只有如此，我才会赢。（vi.）
（3）逃脱，免于（to escape）
The summers cheated death in spite of the storm.
虽然有暴风雨，但游泳的人却能幸免于难。
（4）（对妻子或丈夫）不忠；不负
They’ve been married for only 6 moths, and already she’s started
cheating on him!
他们刚结婚6个月，但她已经开始对他不忠实了。
7．require vt. & vi.
（1）需要；需求（to need）
This suggestion requires careful thought. 这建议需要考虑。
The floor requires washing. 地板该洗了。（sth. require doing /to be done）
相当于：The floor requires to be washed.
His health requires that he (should) go to bed early.
他的健康情况适宜早睡。（require＋that-clause）
（2）（正式）要求；命令（demand, order…）
All passengers are required to show their tickets.
旅客都要检验车票。（be required to=should）
Do you require anything of me?
你需要我做些什么吗？（require sth. of sb.）
派生词：requirement n. 要求物，必需品
8．cure v.＆ n. (of) 治愈（病人）；治疗，治好（疾病）
When I left hospital I was completely cured.
当我离开医院时我完全好了。
The medicine will cure you of your cough.
这药将治好你的咳嗽。（cure … of …）
The only way to cure backache is to rest.
治疗背痛的唯一方法就是休息。（sure sth./sb.）
区别：cure 和 treat
医生治疗病人用treat.如果表示开药、指定特别食物、指导作运动等的具体治疗方式则用give treatment，但如果用cure就是表示治好了病人。
cure n. (for) （治疗某种疾病的）药，药剂；治愈，痊愈；疗程
There is still no cure for the common cold.
目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。
The new treatment affected a cure.
这种新疗法将产生奇迹般的效果。
cure for alcoholism 戒酒疗程
9．pay attention to 注意；留意
You must pay attention to your pronunciation.
你必须注意你的发音。
其中to为介词。带介词to的动词短语有：
be used to (doing) 习惯于
stick to (doing) 坚持
lead to (doing) 导致
devote oneself to (doing) 献身于
give oneself to (doing) 埋头干
refer to 涉及，参考
turn to (doing) 转向，求助于
prefer…to… 宁愿……而不……
belong to 属于
get down to … 认真考虑
10．in store
① being stored 储备着；储藏着
My furniture’s in store while I’m abroad.
在国外期间，我的家具存放起来了。
②about to happen 将要发生；就要出现
We have a few surprises in store.
我们准备了几件令人震惊的事。
Who knows what the future has in store for us?
有谁知道未来会发生什么事？
1．Having doubles would make people confused, because no one would
know who the double really was or how to treat it.
有了复制品会使人们感到困惑，那是因为没有人知道这个复制出来的人到底是谁，也不知道如何对待它。
(1)本句为动名词短语作主语。动词-ing形式在句中常用作主语、宾语、定语、补语、表语、状语。
Fishing is his favorite hobby, and collecting stamps also
gives him great pleasure.(作主语)
He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early.(作宾语)
We are in need of a weighing machine now.(作定语)
Children are afraid of the stone figures in the temple which
look so frightening.(作表语)
I heard him dropping lots of coins into the collecting tin.（作宾补）
They were seen playing football on the playground just now.(作主补)
Seeing that their teacher entered the room, the students stopped
talking at once.(作状语)
（2）make people confused 把人搞糊涂了，confused 为过去分词作宾补。
make作使役动词时，后面可以接不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、名词或形容词作复合宾语。用法如下：
①make sb. do sth. 结构。例如：
I made him come. 我让他来的。
He was made to come. 有人让他来。
注意：make后接不带to的动词不定式作补语，但变为被动时，转换为带to的不定式，类似的有let和have.
②“make+宾语+过去分词”，其中宾语往往是主语所对应的oneself或one’s…。例如：
I can’t make myself understood.
我表达不清楚我的意思。
She tried to make her voice heard.
她尽量让别人听到她的说话声。
③“make+宾语+形容词”，表示“使……”。例如：
They’ve made their hometown rich.
他们使他们的家乡富有起来了。
The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in
touch with customers and companies in other countries.
互联网使公司与国外客户之间的联系和交往越来越简单。
④“make+宾语+名词”，表示“使……成为”。例如：
In 1849, Marx went to England and make London the
base for
his revolutionary work.
1849年，马克思去了英国，并将伦敦作为他革命工作的根据地。
make相关词组：
make one’s position known 表明立场（=make people know one’s position）
make our views accepted 使别人接受我们的观点（=make people accept our
views）
make yourself known to us 自我介绍（=introduce yourself to us）
make yourself understood 表达自己的意思，别人理解自己的意思（=make others/people
understand you）
make yourself heard/seen 让人听见自己的声音/看见自己（=make others/people
hear/see you）
例如：
Can he make himself understood in English?
他能用英语表达自己的意思吗？
He stood on the chair to make himself seen by others.
Will you please speak loudly to make yourself heard?
2．One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to
examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
考察当代社会的大的趋势，可以帮助我们对未来做出窥测。
（1）catch a glimpse of 相当于：catch a brief sight of意为“很快地看一眼，匆匆的一瞥”。例如：
I caught a glimpse of Meg at the station this morning.
我早上在车站看见梅格了。
He sometimes went there to catch a glimpse
of the mountain
in the distance.
他有时去那儿看一看远处的山。
（2）contemporary adj.
①属于该时代的，属于同一时代的（of the time or period being referred to; belonging
to the same time）
Dickens was contemporary with Tackeray.
狄更斯与萨克雷属于同一时代。
②当代的；现代的（of the present time; modern）
contemporary events 当代事件
contemporary style 现代风格
3．The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch
with customers and companies in other countries.
英特网也方便了公司联络国外的客户和公司。
keep in touch with 与……保持联系。例如：
Let’s keep in touch with each other.
让我们保持联系。
相关词组：
（1）get in touch with 与……取得联系。例如：
How do you get in touch with your parents?
你是如何与你父母亲取得联系的？
（2）be in touch with与……在联系之中。例如：
We are in close touch with our office in USA.
我们与我们在美国的办事处有密切联系。
（3）lose touch with 与……失去联系。例如：
I have lost touch with him. 我已经与他失去联系了。
（4）be out of touch with 与……没有联系。例如：
We have been out of touch with Lilian. 我们已与莉莲失去了联系。
本单元学习的名词性从句重点是宾语从句、表语从句和主语从句。
1．宾语从句：指在动词及介词后面的从句。其中，在动词后面的宾语从句，如用引导词that，that可以被省略。例如：
They knew (that) the habit will kill them.
他们知道这个习惯可能会害了他们。（that 可被省略）
They are talking about what we should
do tomorrow.
他们正在讨论我们明天应该做什么。
2．表语从句：常跟在连系动词如：be, seem等后面，可以引导表语从句的词语除了连词that外，还可用whether,
what, which, who, where, when, why, how, because等，表语从句中的连接that不可省略。例如：
His suggestion is that no one is allowed
to smoke in the office.
他的建议是办公室内不允许吸烟。（that不可省略）
That’s what the smokers need. 这就是烟民们所需要的东西。
Ten years’ hard work! That’s why I now
look so old.
十年辛苦的过去！这就是为什么我现在显得如此苍老。
3．主语从句：整个从句在句中作主语，引导主语从句的连词有that（不可省略），whether,
who, what, which, when, where, how, why等。例如：
Who killed the scientist remains a question.
谁杀了这位科学家仍是一个谜。
How they went to the USA is what I want to know.
我想知道他们是怎样去的美国。
That he didn’t pass the exam surprised everyone.
他考试不及格的消息使每个人都很吃惊。（that不可省略）
总结：
在名词从句中，除了宾语从句中的引导词that可以省略外，其它从句如表语从句、
同位语从句、主语从句中的that一律不可省。
