1．suggestion n. 提议，意见
主要用法：
（1）意为“提建议，提意见”，与动词make连用。例如：
make a suggestion 提出建议
（2）在suggestion引导的名词性从句，如果从句内容指的是suggestion“建议”的含义/内容，则从句谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。例如：
He made a suggestion that we (should) go there at once.
他建议说，我们应该立即去那里。（同位语从句）
His suggestion is that we should go there at once.（表语从句）
（3）还可作“有点……的样子；些微的迹象”。例如：
Her face held a suggestion of anger.
她微露愠色。
There was a suggestion of boredom in her tone.
她的语调中略露厌烦情绪。
2．perform vt. & vi. 表演；履行；执行
主要用法：
（1）实行；做[to do; carry out (a piece of work)]
The doctor performed the operation. 医生做了手术。（相当于do the operation做手术）
The scientist has performed many scientific experiments.
这位科学家已做了很多科学实验。（注意：做实验还可用：make /carry out an experiment）
（2）表演；演（剧）奏
What play will be performed tonight? 今天晚上演哪个节目？[演（剧）]
A magician is performing tricks. 一个魔术师在表演戏法。（表演）
He will be performing at the piano. 他将弹钢琴。（奏）
（3）（机器等）操作[（of machines）to work (in the proper /intended way）]
This car performs well on hills. 这辆车爬坡力强。
（4）（人）表现
Our team performed very well in the match yesterday.
我们队在昨天的比赛中表现相当好。
派生词：
performer n. 表演者（尤指演员、音乐家等）；执行者
performance n. 表演；表现
3．spread vt. & vi. 传播；伸展；展开
主要用法：
（1）过去式，过去分词分别为：spread—spread—spread
（2）伸展，扩延（cause to be longer, broader, wider, etc.）例如：
In 20 years the city has spread quickly to the north.
在二十年间，这个城市迅速向北扩展。
The city spreads (for) 10 miles to the north.
这个城市向北绵延十里。（绵延，常与for连用）
His interests now spread over several subjects.
现在他的兴趣包括多种学科。（概括）
（3）铺盖；涂
You can spread some butter on bread.
你可以在面包上涂上黄油。
（4）传布；传播（to make /become more widely known）
The news of the gold discovery quickly spread.
发现黄金的消息很快就传开了。
If I tell you this secret, don’t spread it around.
假如我告诉你这个秘密，可不要把它传开。（vi.）
（5）（使）蔓延（一般用来指疾病、火灾等）（to cause to have a wider effect）例如：
The fire soon spread through the whole part of town.
这场大火不久就蔓延至整个城区。
spread 还可用作名词。
（1）指“扩展，绵延，概括；铺盖，散布，传播等”。例如：
the spread of a disease /one’s interest /the city 疾病的蔓延/兴趣的增广/城市的扩展
（2）指“范围，广度，幅度”。例如：
a tree with a spread of 100 feet 幅度占一百尺宽的树
The various dealers' prices show a wide spread.
这些商人所开的价钱有很大的差距。
4．variety n. 多样性；种类；变化
主要用法：
（1）作不可数名词，指“变化，多样性”。例如：
She didn’t like the work, because it lacked variety; she was doing the same things all the time.
她不喜欢这工作，因为缺少变化；不论什么时候她做的都是同样的事。
（2）用于固定词组a variety of 或varieties of 指“多种多样的”。
Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.
由于种种不同的理由，大家赴宴都迟到了。（a variety of＋可数名词）
An eager farmer is always looking for new varieties of wheat.
热心的农夫随时都在留意麦的新品种。（varieties of ＋不可数名词）
派生词：
various adj. 各式各样的；各种不同的
variously adv. 不同地，在不同的时间里；以不同的名称
vary v. 变化，不同
5．record vi. & vt.
（1）记录（to write down so that it will be known）
We should record the events of the past.
我们应该把过去的事件记录下来。
What became of him is not recorded.
他后来怎样没记载下来。
（2）录音，录影
She has recorded several songs.
她已录了好几首歌。
record 还可用作名词。
（1）作“记录”讲，常用在词组keep a record of 中。例如：
Keep a record of how much you spend.
将你花了多少钱记帐。
（2）个人行为的记录，履历
John and peter both have fine military records.
约翰和彼得两人军中表现（记录）都很好。
（3）（常指运动）记录，最好的成绩
break a record 打破记录
make /set a record 创造记录
keep /hold a record 保持纪录
equal /match a record 平纪录
national record 国家纪录
Asian record 亚洲纪录
world record 世界纪录
6．satisfy vt. 满足；满意（to make someone happy /pleased）
主要用法：
（1）sth satisfy sb.某人对某事满意。例如：
I didn’t like the story, it didn’t satisfy me. But perhaps I am hard to satisfy.
我不喜欢这个故事，我不满意，不过，也许我这个人比较难满足。
（2）满足（需求、欲望等）[to be /give enough for; meet (a need, desire, etc.)]
Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car?
我出于好奇心，想知道你买这辆车花多少钱？
He satisfied the examiner in his examination.
他的考试成绩使主考官感到满意。
（3）满足，符合（要求、规章、标准等）[to be correct /good enough for a demand /rule, standard, etc.)]
You can’t vote until you have satisfied all the formal conditions.
你必须符合所有正式条件才能够投票。
（4）用于词组be satisfied of /be satisfied that-从句意思是“使确信……”，相当于be sure of.例如：
Are you satisfied of my truthfulness？=Are you satisfied that I am telling the truth？
你确信我是在讲实话吗？
派生词：
（1）satisfying adj.令人满意的，令人满足的（指事物本身的性质）例如：
a satisfying meal /experience 令人满意的一顿饭/经验
（2）satisfaction n. 满意；满足
通常用于词组：
with (great) satisfaction 满意地；满足地
express one’s satisfaction at /with… 对……表示满意
find satisfaction in 在……得到满足
to one’s satisfaction 相当于to the satisfaction of sb 意为“使某人满意的是”。
7．desire vt. 想要；意欲；欲望（to wish /want very much）例如：
I desire happiness.（desire sth.）
=I desire to be happy. (desire to do sth.) 我渴望幸福。
The Queen desires that you (should) come at once.
女王要你立即前来。（desire ＋that-从句）
Give our guests whatever they desire.
客人要什么就给什么。
desire 还可用作名词。
（1）强烈的愿望；意欲；期望
I am filled with desire to go back there.
我心中充满了回去的欲望。
He has a strong desire to succeed for success.
他渴望得到成功。（have a desire to do sth. for sth.）
I shall try to act according to your desires.
我将顺你的意愿去做。
（2）想要的东西或人（sth. /sb. desired ）例如：
What’s is your greatest desire?
你最渴望的东西是什么？
8．express vt.
（1）一般指用语言或其他方式表达（感觉、意见或事实）（to show a feeling, opinion or fact in words or in some other way）
She expressed her thanks.
她表示她的谢意。
The prices are expressed both in dollars and pounds.
价钱用美元与英镑标出。
（2）快递（BrE）
express an urgent letter 快递一封紧急信件
（3）express oneself 说出，或写出思想或感情（to speak /write one’s thoughts /feelings）
He expressed himself in good clear English.
他用良好清楚的英文表达意思。
express oneself还有“显露真情（to show one’s feelings in any way）”的含义。例如：
The children are expressing themselves in play.
这些小孩在游戏中真情流露。
（4）也用在：
express one’s thoughts 表达某人的思想
express one’s views 表达某人的观点
express an opinion 发表一个意见
派生词：
expression n. 表达，表示；表情；表达方式；词句
1．Peter loves music, so I thought I would give him a CD.
彼特喜欢音乐，所以我想给他送CD。
句中would用于有礼貌的请求，也表示个人想法（看法）；使语气更婉转。例如：
Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗？
Would you kindly show me the way to the station?
劳驾，请问车站的路怎么走？
I would like to speak a few words.
我想讲几句话。
2．Your classmates have asked you to pick a special song that will represent your class.
你的同学们要求你挑选一首能够代表你们班级的特别曲子。
pick 挑选
关于pick的常见搭配：
（1）pick out 挑出，选出，衬托。例如：
She picked out the best piece of silk.
她挑选了最好的一匹丝绸。
Can you pick out your sister in this crowd?
你能在这群人中认出你的妹妹吗？
The houses in the painting were picked out in white.
画中的房子在白色衬托下愈发突出。
（2）pick up 拾起；改良，进步；获得；增加；使（重新）开始；取（物）；接（人）；收听；整理（房间）；例如：
After our political defeat, we must pick up the pieces and start again.
在政治上受挫后，我们必须收拾残局重新开始。（收拾）
Trade is picking up again.
生意又有起色。（improving, 改良，进步）
（3）pick on
①选择（choose sb /sth）指行为，而pick out重于结果。
The examiners can pick on any student to answer questions.
主考者可挑选任何学生来回答问题。
②选择（某人）作受罚或挨骂对象（to choose sb. for punishment）
Why pick on me? 为什么找上我？
3．The blues has been part of African-American culture since then, and it is still an important part of American culture.
从那时以来布鲁斯一直是非美文化的一部分，现在仍然是美国文化的一个重要部分。
part of意思是“……的一部分”，常不在词组中用a（如a part of ）.
但如果part前有形容词修饰时，则前面带冠词a.例如：
Taiwan is part of China.
台湾是中国的一部分。
We spent part of our holiday in France.
我在法国度了一段时间的假。
The blues is an important part of American culture.
拓展：
有关part的搭配：
（1）for the most part 大部分，大概，一般地。例如：
The orange drink is for the most part water.
橘子饮料主要是水份。（相当于mostly主要地）
She is for the most part a well-behaved child.
在大多数时候，她还是一个很规矩的孩子。（相当于most of the time在大多数情况）
（2）take one’s part 支持，在争执中站在……一方；支持
4．Today’s American music culture contains many different styles.
今天美国的音乐文化包含许多不同的风格。
contain vt. 包含；容纳（to have within; hold）例如：
It contains Vitamin A and Vitamin C.
它里面含有维生素A和维生素C。
How much will this bottle contain?
这个瓶子容量多少？
Hearing the news, she could hardly contain herself for joy.
听到这个消息她高兴得不得了。
注意：contain通常没有被动语态，不用进行时。
辨析：contain与include
contain是一般用词，指客观情况，即一个较大的物体容纳各种不同的物体，这些不同的物体是构成整体的部分，但不一定尽数列出，所含之物可以是有形的或无形的，可跟简单宾语；
include是常用词，指所包括的人或物是整体的组成部分或附加补充部分，但不一定全部列举出来，可跟简单宾语、动名词、含介词短语的复合宾语。
This book contains all the information you need.
这本书中有你所需的全部资料。
I include eggs on the list of things to buy.
我把鸡蛋列入了购物单。
Seven were killed in the accident, including the driver.
=Seven were killed in the accident, the driver included.
在这次车祸中，包括司机在内，有7人丧生。
从上两句可知including可作介词连接介词短语。又如：
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth , including my mother.
=Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth , my mother included.
5．Many people study better with music on!
许多人开着音乐学习效果更佳。
with music on 是“with＋名词（代词）＋宾补”结构，叫with的复合结构，通常用作状语。例如：
We’ll certainly win great victory, with the Party to lead us.
有党的领导，我们一定能取得伟大胜利。（with＋宾语＋to do，指将来）
He wore a shirt with the neck open, showing his bare chest.
他穿着一件衬衫，领口开着，裸露着胸口。（with＋宾语＋adj.）
With the weather so wet and cold, one to ten it will snow presently.
天气这么潮湿寒冷，十之八九要下雪了。（with＋宾语＋adj.）
The building looks even more beautiful with all lights on.
大楼的灯全开时，大楼看起来更美丽。（with＋宾语＋adv.）
The teacher came in with a book in his hand.
老师进来了，手上拿着一本书。（with＋宾语＋介词短语）
He always sleeps with the window closed.
他总是关着窗子睡觉。（with＋宾语＋过去分词）
Many people spoke aloud in front of our classroom, with nobody stopping them.
许多人在教室前大声说话，没有人阻止他们。（with＋宾语＋现在分词）
6．Most pop songs tell simple stories about love and are written to entertain people.
大多数流行歌曲讲述关于爱情的简单故事，以愉悦人们。
entertain vt.& vi. 使欢乐；招待；款待。例如：
He always entertains friends to dinner.
他总是请朋友吃饭。（entertain sb. to dinner请……吃饭）
She tried to entertain the children with tricks.
她尽量变戏法使孩子们快乐。（entertain sb. with sth.以……来娱乐某人）
We were all entertained by his tricks.
我们都对他的戏法感兴趣。（be entertained by…）
He fell into the water, much to the entertainment of the onlookers.
他掉进水中，使旁观者大乐。（entertainment n. 欢乐，快乐）
7．Hip- hop and rap have much in common with blues and rock, but they also have their own characteristics.
希荷普音乐和说唱音乐与布鲁斯和摇滚乐有许多共同之处，但它们各有自己的特点。
have…in common with… 意为“与……有共同之处”。例如：
The twins have a lot in common.
这对双胞胎有许多相似之处。（have a lot in common）
I think we have a lot of interests in common about the problem.
我想关于这个问题我们有许多共同利益。（have a lot of ＋n. + in common）
I haven’t much in common with you.
我与你没有多少共同之处。
有时，in common与介词with连用，意为“与……一样”。例如：
In common with you, I think the venture will be a success.
与你一样，我也认为这次冒险将会成功的。
In common with many old people, he prefers classic music to pop.
像大多数老人一样，他比较喜欢古典音乐而不喜欢流行音乐。
辨析：common, ordinary与general
以上三词都含有“普通的”意思。common强调“常见的，不足为奇的”。例如：
Colds are common in winter. 感冒在冬天很常见。
ordinary 强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”。
His ordinary supper consists of only bread and milk.
他通常的晚餐不过是面包和牛奶。
general意为“普遍的，一般地”。
This book is intended for the general reader, not for the specialist.
这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。
8．Rock singers on the other hand, make music their life. They play music to satisfy their inner desire.
另一方面，摇滚歌手把音乐视为生命，他们演唱是为了满足内心的欲望。
on the other hand 为“另一方面”之意，用于转折。例如：
I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying.
我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面说，我应该留下来学习。
hand 相关词组：
（1）by hand 手工制作，靠人力
All the work had to be done by hand.
所有的活都用手工做。
The note was delivered by hand.
这封信由专人送交。（非经邮寄）
（2）at hand 在附近；在手头；即将发生
He lives close at hand. 他住在附近。
I haven’t my book at hand. 我的书不在手边。
The examination is at hand. 考试即将举行。
（3）from hand to hand 从一人之手转到另一人之手
Buckets of water were passed from hand to hand to put the fire out.
人们一桶又一桶传递着水把火扑灭。
（4）hand in hand 手拉手；密切相关
They walked hand in hand.
他们手拉手走路。
Dirt and disease go hand in hand.
肮脏和疾病是形影相随的。
（5）hand sth. down (to sb.)把某物传下去
hand down传给后代，相当于hand on /pass down.例如：
This gold watch was handed down from my great grandmother.
这块表是我曾祖母传下来的。
Most of my clothes were handed down to me by my elder brother.
我的衣服大多是哥哥传给我的。
（6）hand sth. in 上交，呈交
Hand in your examination papers now, please.
请把试卷交上来。
（7）hand sth. out (to sb.)分发，分配某物
The teacher is handing out the examination papers.
